Gaseous chemical element, symbol: He, atomic number: 2 and atomic weight 4,0026 g/mol. Helium is one of the noble gases of group O in the periodic table. It’s the second lightest element. The main helium source in the world is a series of fields of natural gas in the United States.
Helium is an extremely versatile gas due to its favourable physical and chemical properties, such as low density, small atom radius, high thermal conductivity and low boiling point.
Helium is a colorless, odorless, insipid and non-toxic gas. It’s less soluble in water than any other gas. It’s the less reactive element and doesn’t essentially form chemical compounds. The density and viscosity of helium vapour are very low. The termic conductivity and the caloric content are exceptionally high. Helium can be liquefied, but its condensation temperature is the lowest among all the known substances.
Helium has many unique properties: low boiling point, low density, low solubility, high thermal conductivity and inertness, so it is use for any application which can exploit these properties. Helium was the first gas used for filling balloons and dirigibles. This application goes on in altitude research and for meteorological balloons. The main use of helium is as an inert protection gas in autogenous welding. Its biggest potential is found in applications at very low temperatures. Helium is the only cooler which is capable of reaching temperatures lower than 15 K (-434ºF). The main application of ultra low temperature is in the development of the superconductivity state, in which the resistance to the electricity flux is almost zero. Other applications are its use as pressurizing gas in liquid propellants for rockets, in helium-oxygen mixtures for divers, as working fluid in nuclear reactors cooled down by gas and as gas carrier in chemical analysis by gas chromatography.
Benefits :
- The atomic number of helium is 2, meaning each atom of helium has two protons.
- Helium has the lowest melting point and boiling point of the elements, so it only exists as a gas except under extreme conditions.
- Helium is the second-lightest element.
- Helium is the second-most abundant element in the universe, though it is much less common on Earth.
- Helium is colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, and inert.
- Most helium is obtained by extracting it from natural gas.
- Helium is the second-least reactive noble gas.
- Helium is monatomic under standard conditions.
- Inhaling helium temporarily changes the sound of a person's voice. Though helium is non-toxic, breathing it can result in asphyxiation due to oxygen deprivation.
- Evidence of helium's existence came from observation of a yellow spectral line from the sun.
Specifications :-
- Color Middle Brown
- Chemical Name He
- Indian Standard IS
- Water Capacity 47 Liter
- Contents 7 Cubic Meter Gas
- Require Pressure 140–150 Kg.(Variation±5Kg/cm2)
Physical Properties :-
- Molecular Weight 4.003 kg/kmol
- Critical Temperature -268.0°C
- Critical Pressure 2.2 bar
- Boiling point at 1.013 bar -268.9°C
- Gas density at 1.013 bar 0.169 kg/m3
- Relative gas density to air = 1 0.138
- Compressibility at 1.013 bar 1.00
Types of Helium Gas :-
- Helium Total Purity By Volume (%) Maximum Levels Of Impurities (ppm by volume)
- Grade Code O2 H2O N2 Ar CO + CO2 H2 THC Nitrogen Oxides
- Helium - Speical He - SPL 99.9985 2.0 2.0 10.0 Nil 0.5 Nil 0.5 Nil
- Helium - Standard He - STD 99.995 4.0 4.0 40.0 0.5 1.0